The course aims to provide students with knowledge on the structure of plant cells, tissues and organs of the plant and on the most relevant physiological processes.

Training objectives: The course aims to provide students with knowledge on the evolution of plants, on the structure of plant cells, tissues, and organs of the plant.

Common characteristics of plant and animal cells: cell membrane, endoplasmic reticulum, Golgi complex, mitochondria, lysosomes, peroxisomes, and nucleus.

The plant cell and its peculiar structures: cell wall, vacuole, and plastids.

Plant tissues: primary and secondary meristems, parenchymal tissues, integumental tissues, mechanical tissues, conductive tissues, and secretory tissues.

Taxonomy: bryophytes, pteridophytes, gymnosperms, angiosperms (dicots, monocots). The stem: morphology, ontogeny, and differentiation of the primary structure, secondary structure, specialization, and adaptation of the stem.

The leaf: leaf morphology and anatomy, leaf modifications.

The root: root apex, differentiation zone, primary structure zone, secondary structure zone, specialization, and adaptations.

Vegetative and sexual reproduction. The life cycle of angiosperms: microsporogenesis and microgametogenesis, macrosporogenesis and macrogametogenesis, pollination, incompatibility, fertilization.

The flower formation and development

The seed: formation and development, germination.

The fruit: formation and classification of the various types of fruit.

PRACTICAL LESSONS OF THE PLANT BIOLOGY COURSE:

Preparation and optical microscope analysis of plant preparations for histological and anatomical study. Furthermore, histochemical analyses will be performed to identify the different tissues and vacuolar inclusions. Stereomicroscopic observation of fresh plant material. Observation and identification of some plant species' distinctive morphological and anatomical characteristics are necessary for their correct taxonomic classification. Use of dichotomous keys. The exercises aim to make the student acquire knowledge related to: - Characteristics of the plant cell and plant tissues. - Histo-anatomical characteristics and functions of the three vegetative organs of the plant: root, stem, and leaf. - Evolution, phylogeny, and taxonomic location of bryophytes, pteridophytes, and spermatophytes. - Life cycle and reproduction of plants. - Characteristics and recognition of various types of fruit and see

knowledge and understanding

The student will have to demonstrate to be able to possess the basic knowledge relating to the structure of cells, tissues and organs of the plant Applied knowledge and understanding The student will have to demonstrate the knowledge and understanding of the concepts that allow the recognition between the various groups of plants with reference to plants of food interest Autonomy of judgment The student must be able to identify and evaluate whether a plant food belongs to a specific botanical group of plants Communication skills The student will have to demonstrate to be able to illustrate and discuss the strategies and arguments to distinguish between groups of plants with particular reference to those of food interest Ability to learn the student must demonstrate that he is capable of dealing with specific scientific texts in such a way as to use them for the profession or possibly research

The teaching material prepared by the lecturer in addition to recommended textbooks (such as for instance slides, lecture notes, exercises, bibliography) and communications from the lecturer specific to the course can be found inside the Moodle platform › blended.uniurb.it

Teaching

Frontal lessons (for 42 hours)

Innovative teaching methods

Course books

La biologia delle piante di Raven Evert Ray F., Eichhorn Susan E    2013 Zanichelli

Pasqua- Botanica generale e biodiversità vegetale- PICCIN

Simonetta Pancaldi, Costanza Baldisserotto, Lorenzo Ferroni, Laura Pantaleoni FONDAMENTI DI BOTANICA GENERALE teoria e pratica in laboratorio- 2a ED  MC GRAW  HILL

Assessment

Oral interview. The exam consists of a series of three-four questions that require discussion of the proposed topic and links with others in order to evaluate, in addition to the acquired knowledge and reasoning skills, also communication and problem-solving skills of a practical nature in accordance with what indicated by the Dublin descriptors

Disabilità e DSA

Le studentesse e gli studenti che hanno registrato la certificazione di disabilità o la certificazione di DSA presso l'Ufficio Inclusione e diritto allo studio, possono chiedere di utilizzare le mappe concettuali (per parole chiave) durante la prova di esame.

A tal fine, è necessario inviare le mappe, due settimane prima dell’appello di esame, alla o al docente del corso, che ne verificherà la coerenza con le indicazioni delle linee guida di ateneo e potrà chiederne la modifica.