The aim of the course is to provide knowledge about routes of administration, metabolism, distribution, and elimination of synthetic and plant-derived drugs as well as the basic concepts of their therapeutic and adverse effects. In the part of the course related to pharmacognosy, attention will be devoted to the description of the most important medicinal plants and to preparation of drugs of natural origin. In particular, this part of the course will provide knowledge on the production of plant extracts, their chemical composition and biological activity of individual compounds. Their pharmacological and nutraceutical use in pharmacy, industry and research will be discussed.

PHARMACOLOGY: general principles: drug, medicine and poison.
Pharmacokinetics: Physicochemical factors in transfer of drugs across membranes. Drug absorption, bioavailability, and routes of administration. Distribution of drugs. Biotransformation of drugs. Excretion of drugs. Clinical pharmacokinetics.
Pharmacodynamics: Mechanisms of drug action. Drug receptors. Receptors for physiological regulatory molecules. Quantitation of drug-receptor interactions. Dose-effect relationship.
PHARMACOGNOSY: Definition and aim of pharmacognosy. Definition and classification of plant drugs. Factors affecting the activity of plant drugs: natural, endogenous, exogenous and preparation-dependent. Plant drugs: preservation, analysis, identification, quality control, distinctive characters, endogenous active substances, therapeutic strategies, toxic effects.
Natural products and herbal drugs used in pharmacy and medicine
Carbohydrates: (monosaccharides, oligosaccharides, polysaccharides, polysaccharides from (algae, gum, mucilages).
lipids: (oils, fatty acids, cere).
Phenilpropanes: (cumarines, lignans, flavonoids, tannins)
Glycosides: (anthraquinones, cyanogenic, saponins, alcoholic, phenolic
Alkaloids: (phenylalkylamines, isoquinolines, indoles, quinolines, piridines, piperidines, tropanes, purines). Anticancer drugs derived from plants.

It is highly recommended to previously pass the following exams: Biochemistry, Molecular Biology, Pharmaceutical Botany and Phytochemistry.

At the end of the course, students should have acquired basic knowledge for the correct use of synthetic drugs as well as drugs derived form medicinal plants.

The teaching material prepared by the lecturer in addition to recommended textbooks (such as for instance slides, lecture notes, exercises, bibliography) and communications from the lecturer specific to the course can be found inside the Moodle platform › blended.uniurb.it

Frontal lessons (MS Power Point).

Teaching

Frontal lessons

Course books

H.P. Rang, M.M. Dale, J.M. Ritter, R.J. Flower, G. Henderson. "Farmacologia". Ottava edizione
F. Clementi, G. Fumagalli, "Farmacologia Generale e Molecolare". Quarta edizione.
F. Capasso. "Farmacognosia" Seconda edizione. SPRINGER, 2012.

Assessment

Oral examination

Disabilità e DSA

Le studentesse e gli studenti che hanno registrato la certificazione di disabilità o la certificazione di DSA presso l'Ufficio Inclusione e diritto allo studio, possono chiedere di utilizzare le mappe concettuali (per parole chiave) durante la prova di esame.

A tal fine, è necessario inviare le mappe, due settimane prima dell’appello di esame, alla o al docente del corso, che ne verificherà la coerenza con le indicazioni delle linee guida di ateneo e potrà chiederne la modifica.