The course is aimed at acquiring the basic historiographical theories on how to make history and approach the interpretation of the past. The course aims, in particular, to help students master the concepts and procedures that characterize historical research, the criteria used for determining the authenticity of documents, the statistical analysis of data or the comparison of phenomena, the strategies for the exploration of documents on history-related sites, the ways of collective sensitivity representation, and the contrast between continuity and rupture. Knowledge of the historiographical theories and documentary research techniques are core formative elements for the teaching profession and the construction of workshops with the students.

The body is a place / site of social and political conflict, but above all it is a cultural construction. The body of the hero is often recognized as an exceptional body endowed with almost miraculous qualities, such as to be able to defeat death. The body can represent a symbol of leadership, an object of worship or, on the contrary it can be seen as the place of the impotence and degradation of the opponent. During the Risorgimento, the citizen of the future Italian nation is described as endowed with a manly body, which / who is not afraid of war and martyrdom. After World War I the images of wounded, disfigured and killed bodies became the instrument of processing mourning, which was part of the collective imagination of the 20th century. The consideration of the body is at the basis of the identity of a social group or of a nation. In the longevity of the bodies, in the health rate and the body  shape imposed by sport and fashion, we can read the development of a society and its evolution. The study of the bodies / body offers us some greater insight on social living, more than through traditional historiographical approaches.

1. Introduction to the main concepts of a new historiography

2. The ‘Victorian’ body

3. Martyrologies and Italy as a nation-state

4. Mourning and memory

5. Charisma and leadership of Fascism / Fascists

1) Learning outcomes (Dublin descriptors)

In relation to Social History students should be able to demonstrate:

·  mastery of the fundamental historiographical currents, especially those revolving around the school of "Annales" and the teachings provided by cultural history and gender issues, with particular reference to the relationship with the other humanities and the educational-disciplinary approach;

·  understanding of the concepts and theories presented in the course;

·  the ability to analyze documents on history-related sites, write a bibliography and outline an approach to the study of a historiographic "problem", identifying the historical and social context;

·  the ability to use knowledge and historiographical concepts that allow to reason according to the specific logic of the discipline;

the ability to envisage research hypotheses, identify topics suitable for cognitive exploration, and use them in a teaching workshop.

The teaching material prepared by the lecturer in addition to recommended textbooks (such as for instance slides, lecture notes, exercises, bibliography) and communications from the lecturer specific to the course can be found inside the Moodle platform › blended.uniurb.it

An optional seminar on ‘History and computer’ is offered to help students draft articles and history essays and explore online data and resources.

Teaching

Teaching methods: lecture-style and multimedia lesssons; discussions by the site Blended Learning.

Course books

D. Mengozzi, Il corpo di Garibaldi. Reliquie laiche e taumaturgia politica nell'Italia dell'Ottocento, Milano, Franco Angeli, 2021, pp. 240.

D. Mengozzi, Lenin e Oriani. Il «corpo sacro» del leader nelle religioni politiche del Novecento, Cesena, Il Ponte Vecchio, 2021, pp. 200.

It is highly recommended to study the historical background of the 19th and 20th centuries in a good high school textbook.

Assessment

Assessment: Written examination.

Written exam with five open questions (worth 6 points each) relating to five key moments of the programme: the role of the body in the Italian Risorgimento and the formation of Italian national unity; the Great War and the theme of social mourning; the transition from Fascism to democracy in Italy, seen through the story of Mussolini's body; the importance of the body from the years after World War II in Western society; the "triumph of the body", i.e. an idea of ??the body as personal property, to build and transform in relation to the trends of the last decades, following ideals and aspirations which are subject to rapid change.

Disabilità e DSA

Le studentesse e gli studenti che hanno registrato la certificazione di disabilità o la certificazione di DSA presso l'Ufficio Inclusione e diritto allo studio, possono chiedere di utilizzare le mappe concettuali (per parole chiave) durante la prova di esame.

A tal fine, è necessario inviare le mappe, due settimane prima dell’appello di esame, alla o al docente del corso, che ne verificherà la coerenza con le indicazioni delle linee guida di ateneo e potrà chiederne la modifica.

Course books

D. Mengozzi, Il corpo di Garibaldi. Reliquie laiche e taumaturgia politica nell'Italia dell'Ottocento, Milano, Franco Angeli, 2021, pp. 240.

D. Mengozzi, Lenin e Oriani. Il «corpo sacro» del leader nelle religioni politiche del Novecento, Cesena, Il Ponte Vecchio, 2021, pp. 200.

It is highly recommended to study the historical background of the 19th and 20th centuries in a good high school textbook.

Assessment

Assessment: Written examination.

Written exam with five open questions (worth 6 points each) relating to five key moments of the programme: the role of the body in the Italian Risorgimento and the formation of Italian national unity; the Great War and the theme of social mourning; the transition from Fascism to democracy in Italy, seen through the story of Mussolini's body; the importance of the body from the years after World War II in Western society; the "triumph of the body", i.e. an idea of ??the body as personal property, to build and transform in relation to the trends of the last decades, following ideals and aspirations which are subject to rapid change.

Disabilità e DSA

Le studentesse e gli studenti che hanno registrato la certificazione di disabilità o la certificazione di DSA presso l'Ufficio Inclusione e diritto allo studio, possono chiedere di utilizzare le mappe concettuali (per parole chiave) durante la prova di esame.

A tal fine, è necessario inviare le mappe, due settimane prima dell’appello di esame, alla o al docente del corso, che ne verificherà la coerenza con le indicazioni delle linee guida di ateneo e potrà chiederne la modifica.

PLEASE NOTE  Those who want to repeat the examination or present a different programme must plan it with the professor at least a month before the exam.