PHARMACOGNOSY
FARMACOGNOSIA
| A.Y. | Credits |
|---|---|
| 2022/2023 | 6 |
| Lecturer | Office hours for students | |
|---|---|---|
| Andrea Guidarelli | Any working day (it is advisable to make an appointment by email at the address given, or by telephone at +39 0722 303524) |
| Teaching in foreign languages |
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Course with optional materials in a foreign language
English
Spanish
This course is entirely taught in Italian. Study materials can be provided in the foreign language and the final exam can be taken in the foreign language. |
Assigned to the Degree Course
| Date | Time | Classroom / Location |
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| Date | Time | Classroom / Location |
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Learning Objectives
The aim of the course is to provide the student with the concepts regarding the recognition, composition and biological effects of substances of natural origin and the active ingredients contained in them, in order to use them for therapeutic purposes in pharmacies, industry, or in the scientific research. In particular, the course will build up the knowledge on herbal drugs in the following aspects: Therapeutic properties and medical use, traditional use, contraindications, toxic effects, pharmacological activity, main metabolites, bioactive metabolites, recognition and identification (morphological characteristics, organoleptic properties), origin and sophistication.
Program
Definition and purposes of pharmacognosy; drug definition and classification. Variability in drug activity: endogenous, exogenous and preparation-dependent natural factors. Conservation of drugs. Drug analysis: identification, quality control. Identification, distinctive characteristics, contained active principles, therapeutic uses, toxic effects, medicinal preparations, of the following drugs: Carbohydrate-containing drugs (monosaccharides, oligosaccharides, polysaccharides, polysaccharides of algae, gums and mucilages). Lipid-containing drugs (oils and fats, waxes). Drugs containing glycosides (anthraquinone, cyan genes, sulphides, soap, alcohol, phenolic). Drugs containing phenylpropanoids (coumarins, lignans, flavonoids, tannins). Drugs containing alkaloids (phenylalkylamin alkaloids, isokinolic alkaloids, indolic alkaloids, quinolinic alkaloids, pyridine and piperidine alkaloids, tropanic alkaloids, purine alkaloids). Plant-based anticancer drugs. Drugs acting on the SNA - Sympathomimetics: coca, ephedra - Sympatholytics: rauwolfia - Parasympathomimetics: Amanita muscaria, Calabar bean, jaborandi - Parasympathetic policies: nightshade, henbane, thorn - Ganglionic drugs: tobacco - Drugs acting on the neuromuscular plaque: curaries CNS acting drugs - Exciting: caffeic drugs, coca, ephedra - Depressions: opium, rauwolfia - Other drugs used for recreational or ritual purposes: Amanita muscaria, Indian hemp, khat, peyote, psilocybe. Lysergic acid derivatives. drugs with anti-inflammatory action; gastrointestinal system and digestive function; respiratory system; kidneys and urinary tract; endocrine system; skeletal muscle system; breeding system; skin system; immune system.
Bridging Courses
The students must have successfully passed the exams of Plant Biology and Human Physiology.
Learning Achievements (Dublin Descriptors)
At the end of the course the student acquires the skills on the knowledge of herbal drugs, their origin and their content in ingredients; knows and applies identification criteria, the presence of distinctive characteristics, the active principles contained and acquires the skills on the therapeutic uses and toxic effects of the main drugs of plant origin.
Knowledge and Understanding: The students will achieve knowledge on molecular mechanisms and side effects of the main drugs of plant origin.
Ability to apply knowledge and understanding: The students will acquire a proper pharmacological language and will be able to apply the acquired principles on drugs for the study of intracellular signaling.
Judgment: The student will be able to critically evaluate the pro and cons of the main drugs of plant origin.
Communication skills: The student will be able to describe the pharmacology of the main drugs of plant origin with proper scientific language.
Learning skills: The student will be able to build up his scientific knowledge in a critical way, using not only the study material provided by the professor but also dedicating himself to in-depth studies.
Teaching Material
The teaching material prepared by the lecturer in addition to recommended textbooks (such as for instance slides, lecture notes, exercises, bibliography) and communications from the lecturer specific to the course can be found inside the Moodle platform › blended.uniurb.it
Supporting Activities
The lectures foresee the use of multimedia tools (i.e. presentations in MS Power Point).
Teaching, Attendance, Course Books and Assessment
- Teaching
Lectures (i.e. Powerpoint slides, scientific papers).
- Innovative teaching methods
Flipped classroom. Some lessons will involve the distribution of pdf of scientific articles in english that students will have to
read before the lesson.
- Attendance
Knowledge of Plant Biology and Physiology.
Attendance to classes is not mandatory but is strongly recommended on a regular basis to encourage both classroom interaction and the acquisition of knowledge and skills.
- Course books
Farmacognosia. F. Capasso. Ed. Springer.
Goodman and Gilman - Le basi farmacologiche della terapia (2019)
- Assessment
The exam consists of an oral test. The candidate will be asked questions on topics developed during the lessons in order to ascertain that the student has acquired the basic concepts of pharmacognosy; knowing how to deal with the major problems related to the possible interactions between active ingredients derived from medicinal plants. The final mark, expressed in the thirtieths, will result from the candidate's ability to respond exhaustively and reasonably to the questions asked and with an appropriate scientific language.
- Disabilità e DSA
Le studentesse e gli studenti che hanno registrato la certificazione di disabilità o la certificazione di DSA presso l'Ufficio Inclusione e diritto allo studio, possono chiedere di utilizzare le mappe concettuali (per parole chiave) durante la prova di esame.
A tal fine, è necessario inviare le mappe, due settimane prima dell’appello di esame, alla o al docente del corso, che ne verificherà la coerenza con le indicazioni delle linee guida di ateneo e potrà chiederne la modifica.
Additional Information for Non-Attending Students
- Teaching
Powerpoint slides and scientific papers.
- Attendance
Knowledge of Plant Biology and Physiology.
- Course books
Farmacognosia. F. Capasso. Ed. Springer.
Goodman and Gilman - Le basi farmacologiche della terapia (2019)
- Assessment
The exam consists of an oral test. The candidate will be asked questions on topics of the course program and developed during the lessons in order to ascertain that the student has acquired the basic concepts of pharmacognosy; knowing how to deal with the major problems related to the possible interactions between active ingredients derived from medicinal plants. The final mark, expressed in the thirtieths, will result from the candidate's ability to respond exhaustively and reasonably to the questions asked and with an appropriate scientific language.
- Disabilità e DSA
Le studentesse e gli studenti che hanno registrato la certificazione di disabilità o la certificazione di DSA presso l'Ufficio Inclusione e diritto allo studio, possono chiedere di utilizzare le mappe concettuali (per parole chiave) durante la prova di esame.
A tal fine, è necessario inviare le mappe, due settimane prima dell’appello di esame, alla o al docente del corso, che ne verificherà la coerenza con le indicazioni delle linee guida di ateneo e potrà chiederne la modifica.
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